Esophagus Cancer
Cancer Treatment
Esophagus Cancer
Esophageal cancer develops when abnormal cells in the food pipe develop in an uncontrolled manner. Smoking and poor acid reflux controls are major risk factors for esophageal cancer.
At ECC, treatment for esophageal cancer is performed by highly trained esophageal cancer specialists resulting in systematic cancer treatment. This program provides diagnosis, recovery and supportive care for our patients
Symptoms of Esophageal cancer:
People with esophageal cancer may experience subsequent symptoms or signs. Sometimes, people with esophageal cancer don’t have any of those changes. Or, the explanation for a symbol could also be a special medical condition that’s not cancer.
- Difficulty and pain with swallowing
- Pressure or burning within the chest
- Indigestion or heartburn
- Vomiting
- Frequent choking on food
- Unexplained weight loss
- Coughing or hoarseness
- Pain behind the breastbone or within the throat
Causes of Esophageal cancer:
The causes of esophageal cancer may be as follows:
- Tobacco and alcohol: The use of tobacco products, including cigarettes, cigars, pipes, and chewing tobacco, maybe a major risk factor for esophageal cancer. The more an individual uses tobacco and therefore the longer it’s used the upper the cancer risk.
- Gastroesophageal reflux disease: People with GERD have a rather higher risk of getting adenocarcinoma of the oesophagus. This risk seems to be higher in people that have more frequent symptoms. But GERD is extremely common, and most of the people that have it don’t continue to develop esophageal cancer.
- Barrett’s oesophagus: If reflux of stomach acid into the lower oesophagus goes on for an extended time, it can damage the inner lining of the oesophagus. This causes the squamous cells that normally line the oesophagus to get replaced with gland cells. These gland cells usually appear as if the cells that line the stomach and therefore the intestine, and are more immune to stomach acid. This condition is understood as Barrett’s (or Barrett) oesophagus.
- Diet: Certain substances within the diet may increase esophageal cancer risk. For instance, there are suggestions, so far not well proven, that a diet high in processed meat may increase the prospect of developing esophageal cancer.
- High Temperatures may increase the danger for the epithelial cell sort of esophageal cancer. This could be the results of long-term damage to the cells lining the oesophagus from the recent liquids.
- Trauma: Accidentally drinking a lye-based cleaner can cause a severe chemical burn within the oesophagus. Because the injury heals, the connective tissue can cause a neighbourhood of the oesophagus to become very narrow (called a stricture). People with these strictures have an increased risk of epithelial cell esophageal cancer, which frequently occurs a few years (even decades) later.
- Plummer-Vinson syndrome: About 10% of people with this syndrome may be affected by epithelial cell cancer of the oesophagus.
Prevention of Esophageal cancer
- Quit smoking: If you smoke, ask your doctor about strategies for quitting. Medications and counselling are available to assist you to quit. If you do not use tobacco, don’t start.
- Drink alcohol carefully: If you select to drink alcohol, do so carefully. For healthy adults, meaning up to at least one drink each day for ladies and up to 2 drinks each day for men.
- Eat more fruits and vegetables. Add a spread of colourful fruits and vegetables to your diet.
- Maintain a healthy weight and follow an active lifestyle.
Screening of Cancer
- A physical exam
- Imaging tests
- Endoscopy
- Endoscopic ultrasound
- Bronchoscopy
- Endobronchial ultrasound
- Percutaneous biopsy
- Biopsy
- Blood tests
What is esophageal cancer?
Types of esophageal cancer
Most esophageal cancers are often classified together of two types: adenocarcinoma or epithelial cell carcinoma. Small cell carcinoma, is extremely rare. These differing types of cancer begin in several sorts of cells within the oesophagus.
Adenocarcinoma: Adenocarcinoma starts call at glandular cells, which aren’t normally present within the lining of the oesophagus. Adeocarcinomas grow quickly due to a condition called Barrett’s esophagus, which increases a person’s chance of developing esophageal cancer. Adenocarcinoma occurs mainly at the lower end of the oesophagus and therefore the upper a part of the stomach.
Squamous Cell Carcinoma: The second commonest sort of esophageal cancer is epithelial cell carcinoma. It begins when squamous cells (thin, flat cells lining the within of the oesophagus) begin to grow uncontrollably. Epithelial cell carcinoma of the oesophagus is strongly linked with smoking and drinking an excessive amount of alcohol.
Small Cell Carcinoma: A third, rarer sort of esophageal cancer is little cell carcinoma. It begins in neuroendocrine cells, a kind of cell that releases hormones into the bloodstream in response to signals from nerves.
When to ascertain a doctor?
Treatment
Surgery: It is the commonest treatment for cancer of the oesophagus. A part of the oesophagus could also be removed in an operation called an esophagectomy.
Radiation therapy: Radiation therapy may be a cancer treatment that uses high-energy x-rays or other sorts of radiation to kill cancer cells or keep them from growing. The way the radiotherapy is given depends on the sort and stage of the cancer being treated. External and internal radiotherapy are wont to treat esophageal cancer. A plastic tube could also be inserted into the oesophagus to stay it open during radiotherapy. This is often called intraluminal intubation and dilation.
Chemoradiation therapy: Chemoradiation therapy combines chemotherapy and radiotherapy to extend the consequences of both.
Laser therapy: Laser therapy may be a cancer treatment that uses a beam (a narrow beam of intense light) to kill cancer cells.
Electrocoagulation: Electrocoagulation is the use of an electrical current to kill cancer cells.
Targeted therapy: Targeted therapy may be a sort of treatment that uses drugs or other substances to spot and attack specific cancer cells. Targeted therapies usually cause less harm to normal cells than chemotherapy or radiotherapy do. Antibody therapy may be a sort of targeted therapy utilized in the treatment of oesophageal cancer.
Prevention
You can take steps to scale back your risk of esophageal cancer. For instance:
Quit smoking: If you smoke, ask your doctor about strategies for quitting. Medications and counselling are available to assist you to quit. If you do not use tobacco, don’t start.
Drink alcohol carefully: If you select to drink alcohol, do so carefully. For healthy adults, meaning up to at least one drink each day for ladies and up to 2 drinks each day for men.
Eat more fruits and vegetables. Add a spread of colourful fruits and vegetables to your diet.
Maintain a healthy weight and follow an active lifestyle.
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